LADA (Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults)

Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA) is often called Type 1.5 diabetes because it shares features of both Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes. It starts in adulthood and progresses slowly, sometimes misdiagnosed as Type 2 Diabetes due to its gradual onset.

Definition

LADA is an autoimmune form of diabetes where the immune system attacks Insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. It typically develops in adults over the age of 30. Unlike Type 1 Diabetes, the symptoms progress slower, leading to delayed development of Insulin dependence.

Causes

The exact cause of LADA is unknown, but it occurs when the immune system mistakenly targets and destroys beta cells in the pancreas. Genetics and environmental factors may contribute to this autoimmune process.

Risk Factors

• Age: Usually develops in adults over 30.
• Family history of autoimmune diseases or Type 1 Diabetes.
• Presence of specific genetic markers tied to autoimmunity.
• Personal history of other autoimmune diseases.

Symptoms

• Fatigue and lack of energy.
• Increased thirst and Frequent urination.
• Unexplained weight loss.
• Blurred vision.
• High Blood sugar levels that do not improve with oral medications.

Diagnosis

• Blood tests to detect specific autoantibodies.
• Measurements of blood sugar and HbA1c levels.
• C-peptide test to evaluate Insulin production.
• Consideration of age and symptoms to differentiate from Type 2 Diabetes.

Management

• Insulin therapy becomes necessary as the disease progresses.
• Healthy eating habits and regular physical activity.
• Blood sugar monitoring to maintain levels within target ranges.
• Ongoing medical checkups to adjust treatment or monitor complications.

Every case of LADA is unique and requires a tailored medical approach. Understanding this type of diabetes ensures better support and management for those living with it.